Abstract
This chapter discusses the measurement of density. The measurement and control of liquid density is critical to a large number of industrial processes. In considering the measurement and control of density or relative density of liquids, the units used in the two factors should be borne in mind. Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a liquid and is expressed in units such as kg/m 3, g/l or g/ml. Relative density, on the other hand, is the ratio of the mass of a volume of liquid to the mass of an equal volume of water at 4°C (or some other specified temperature), the relative density of water being taken as 1.0. Both density and relative density are temperature-dependent and, for high precision, the temperature at which a measurement is made will have to be known so that any necessary compensation can be introduced.
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