Abstract
The function of liquid crystals for ubiquitous liquid crystal display (LCD) technology depends critically on the presence of fluorine. Fluorine and fluorinated groups shape the mesogenic profile, viscoelastic, and electrooptic properties as well as technical reliability. The industrial design of liquid crystalline materials for display applications is guided by quantum chemical methods. Many rather “exotic” fluorinated groups—such as hypervalent sulfur fluorides—found their first practical application through LCD technology. The technical synthesis of fluorinated liquid crystals for display applications often posed significant challenges for industrial chemistry: typical lab scale reactions such as directed ortho-lithiation or oxidative fluorodesulfuration had to be transferred from lab to multiton-scale. In order to provide multigram quantities of new liquid crystals for application-oriented testing, direct fluorination with elemental fluorine as well as fluorination of carbonyl compounds using sulfur tetrafluoride is routinely used.
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