Abstract
This chapter covers all major aspects of the physical metallurgy, conventional manufacturing technologies, and applications of commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys. It begins with sections that focus on physical metallurgy, which discuss self-diffusion and general diffusion characteristics in titanium, phase transformations, formulation of various types of titanium alloys in current production, and their microstructural control through heat treatments. This is followed by a concise description of commonly used conventional manufacturing processes, including hot working, superplastic forming, cold forming, machining, joining, powder metallurgy, surface treatments, and casting. The engineering performance of titanium and titanium alloys is dealt with afterward, including their tensile, fatigue, fracture toughness, and creep properties as well as corrosion resistance. The last sections are concerned with aerospace, chemical and medical applications of titanium and titanium alloys. The rationales behind these applications are discussed briefly.
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