Abstract
About 16 million tonnes of aluminum and 190,000 tonnes of magnesium alloys were converted into cast products in 2014. Casting involves melting, alloying, pouring into a mold, and solidification of the melt into a suitable microstructure to meet the performance requirements of the cast components. The solidification of aluminum and magnesium alloys is described covering nucleation and grain growth of both the primary and eutectic phases, and defect formation. Due to its importance, special attention is given to grain refinement methods. The second part of the chapter describes common casting methods such as sand casting, low- and high-pressure die casting, and semisolid casting. In addition, recently developed casting technologies including T-Mag and Ablation casting, and methods to further refine the grain size by the application of external fields, e.g., melt conditioning, and ultrasonic and pulsed magnetic treatments are described.
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