Abstract
Sol-gel derived silica-based bioactive glasses and ceramics attain many advantages owing to silicon which has a beneficial role in bone formation in vivo. They exhibit mesoporous architecture with interconnected pore structure and a high specific surface area that positively affects their bioactivity. Their compositions of up to 100mol% SiO2 in binary, ternary or quaternary systems, the potential for varying the microstructure in the same composition by controlling the chemical reactions and their ability to form scaffolds are some of the unique properties that distinguish them from their melt-derived counterparts. In the field of dental restoration and regeneration, sol-gel silica-based bioactive composites have started to emerge in various applications including coatings, scaffolds and dental tissue regeneration.
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