7 - Important test methods to evaluate restricted substances in apparel

Abstract

Evaluation of restricted substances in apparel is necessary to ensure avoiding banned substances, and when using restricted substances with limits on products, they are in compliance with global laws and regulations within the markets for which products are targeted. The consequences of not meeting these limits for any apparel brands are significant, and could include monetary fines and publicized restrictions to manufacture specific products, which would have a detrimental impact on the reputation of the brands with consumers. In a socially responsible forum, it is of critical importance for a brand to know that their products are safe for consumers to wear and use. Thus, testing of harmful substances in apparel products is important to guarantee product safety. The chapter begins with the discussion on methods normally adopted to evaluate lead in surface coating and in substrate, and cadmium in coated and plastic products, used in apparel products and related accessories. The chapter then highlights nickel release test, azo test, method for evaluation of phthalates, and formaldehyde test associated with apparel and various other supporting components to complete the basic and desired feature of the product. Some of the miscellaneous test methods such as chlorinated organic carriers, chlorophenols, chromium VI, organotin compounds, and allergenic disperse dyes and carcinogenic dyes are also discussed.