Abstract
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) plays an important role in the diagnosis and staging of luminal gastrointestinal tumors. Esophageal and gastric cancer and other gastrointestinal tumors such as gastric lymphoma are staged using a combination of EUS and computed tomography (CT), with or without positron emission tomography (PET). EUS is the most accurate modality for local regional staging of esophageal and gastric cancer. EUS evaluates the individual esophageal and gastric wall layers and can sample lymph nodes distant to the primary tumor by fine-needle aspiration or biopsy (FNA or FNB, respectively). This improves tumor-staging accuracy and thereby informs on the best management approach. In addition, EUS plays an important role in evaluating patients with thickened gastric folds of unclear origin, with the aim of diagnosing infiltrative diseases such as lymphoma, Ménétrier’s disease, or linitis plastica.
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