Abstract
Nanofibers, also known as solid fibers, consist of several remarkable nanoscale features. These are basically porous structures, with unlimited length, having a large surface area to mass ratio, essentially exhibiting high mechanical performance and flexibility as compared to other materials. Research in the arena of nanofiber composites has shown a considerable advancement since the turn of year 20th century because of its consistent use in biomedical and biotechnological applications. Nanofiber composites fit in as a distinctive class of materials in the biomedical field since they offers a biomimetic environment on the nanometer scale wherein a three-dimensional architecture with the desired surface properties on the micrometer scale combines with mechanical strength and physiological acceptability on the macro scale. For any biological applications, nanofiber serves as an ideal biomaterial that possesses biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, hydrophilicity and proper strength. Unambiguously, their ability to imitate the fibrillar elements of a natural extra cellular matrix in a most realistic way is central to their application.
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