Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims Through metabolomics research, it was found that in mice with chronic kidney disease, the distribution of lipids in the kidneys was different from that of healthy individuals, and medium-chain fatty acids were reduced. In order to explore the role of medium-chain fatty acids in kidney metabolism and disease, we conducted this systematic review. Method Systematic review. The pubmed database was used to search for keywords such as medium chain fat acids, medium chain triglyceride, MCFA, MCT, chronic kidney disease, CKD, and renal fibrosis. Results In chronic kidney disease, long-chain fatty acids decrease and medium-chain fatty acids increase. The increase of medium-chain fatty acids may be a compensatory mechanism. Compared with long-chain fatty acids, medium-chain fatty acids are more easily metabolized through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, thus providing more energy. MCFAs are readily oxidized by cells,including cardiomyocytes, and provide a very efficient. source of energy production. MCFAs display metabolic,biological and physical properties that are distinct fromLCFAs, which may contribute to their reported benefits on the kidney's energy status and function. Only few deleterious effects have been reported with the use of MCFAs, many of which have been reported mainly when MCTs were administered as the main dietary energy source representing >50% of the total energy intake. These include decreased absorption of LCTs, which may result in deficiency in essential polyunsaturated LCFA, steatorrhea, gastrointestinal discomfort, increased risk of ketogenesis and acidosis, and in some studies, though not all, changes in blood lipid profile such as a raise in triglycerides or nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol Conclusion Studies in animal models indicate that MCFAs may favourably modulate kidney disease progression. Medium-chain fatty acids have protective effects on the kidney and provide new ideas for the relief and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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