Abstract
This chapter discusses the activation and conjugation of bile acids. Reaction is estimated by measuring the cholylhydroxamic acid formed as a result of interaction of the cholyl group of cholyl CoA and hydroxylamine. The microsome fraction of rat or guinea pig liver is used for the isolation procedure. The synthesis of taurocholic acid from cholyl CoA and taurine also proceeds in guinea pig and rat liver microsome preparations. Taurodeoxycholic acid is similarly formed from deoxycholic acid. The rat liver enzyme is capable of synthesizing glycine conjugates, but the system has a markedly greater affinity for taurine, and glycine conjugation can be suppressed completely, in the presence of taurine. Glycine does not depress taurine conjugation, however. Hypotaurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) is also conjugated. Taurodeoxycholic acid is formed from deoxycholic acid; cholanic and dehydrocholic acids are conjugated to a lesser extent by rat and guinea pig preparations. No simple procedure for the measurement of bile acid conjugation has been described. The method employed has been to measure the conversion of S 35 -taurine or C 14 -glycine into a butanol-soluble form. The presence of a system which apparently rapidly hydrolyzes cholyl CoA precludes the use of pyrophosphate release as a measure of bile acid conjugation.
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