Abstract
This chapter introduces the definitions of first-generation and second-generation bioethanol with the latter being the focus. It gives an overview of the technical principles of the bioethanol production based on saccharification and fermentation. It explains the different types of configuration designs including Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF), Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF), Presaccharification and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (PSSF), and Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-fermentation (SSCF) and their respective advantages and disadvantages. The influences of typical process factors (e.g., temperature, sugar concentration, pH, fermentation time, agitation speed) toward bioethanol yields are reviewed and existing bioethanol yield data are summarized. This chapter also highlights the importance of pretreatment and yeast selection toward bioethanol production and development.
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