Abstract
This chapter examines how EU law interacts with national legal systems. It starts by setting out the scope of application of EU law in the national legal system, when applied by national courts and administrative authorities. It explains the default rules for such national application of EU law: the principles of equivalence and effectiveness, as well as effective judicial protection of EU law based rights within the national legal systems. It then focuses on three key principles: direct effect, indirect effect, and primacy. It considers requirements formulated with respect to state liability for breaches of EU law. The chapter concludes with a case study, which illustrates the interplay between the rules and principles introduced in this chapter.
Published Version
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