Abstract

The on-going development of translational medicine has intensified research for materials that can successfully support human tissue engineering, regeneration, and repair. In this chapter, we review the results of studies into the physical features, biocompatibility, and possible application of an insect protein, silk fibroin from Bombyx mori, and its use in the form of films and scaffolds, made up either of microfibers or nanofibers, to induce and guide the regeneration of skin, connective tissue, and small calibre blood vessels. The promising outcomes of such investigations have paved the way for the testing of such biomaterials in various clinical settings of human and veterinary medicine.

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