Abstract
This chapter describes various lossless image compression standards developed by the JPEG committee. The Huffman and arithmetic coding versions of the original JPEG lossless standard are presented followed by a description of JPEG-LS. This chapter also discusses the integration of lossless and lossy compression in JPEG 2000, the latest standard developed by the JPEG committee. The original JPEG lossless standards based on either Huffman or arithmetic coding use a predictive approach. JPEG-LS uses a very simple and effective predictor—the median edge detection (MED) predictor that adapts in the presence of local edges. JPEG 2000 specifies two coding paths—one is an irreversible path, whereas the other is a reversible one.
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