Abstract
Interdisciplinary researches of nanotechnology and microbiology have become great interest to develop environmental applications against bacteria causing nosocomial infections. Antimicrobial applications are able to inactivate bacteria, viruses, and fungi on different surfaces, in water or in the air, so they can be the main factor of prevention in the health-care facilities. Functional surfaces with UV or visible light–active photocatalyst content can kill numerous microorganisms because of its photocatalytic properties. Due to the appearance of reactive radicals, the photocatalyst particles can degrade many organic compounds and inactivate microorganisms via destroying the cell wall and their DNA, respectively. Due to these properties, a wide range of pathogen bacteria can be inactivated under visible light illumination. Besides the photocatalytic thin films, superhydrophobic coatings belong to the second class of self-cleaning and antibacterial surfaces. Superhydrophobic surfaces, with a liquid contact angle larger than 150 degrees, have important practical applications ranging from self-cleaning surfaces and antibacterial coatings. It is also presented that the advantageous properties of the photocatalytic and superhydrophobic surfaces can also combine.
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