Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles such as liposomes and SLNs and inorganic nanoparticles like gold, silver, zirconium phosphate, etc. are nowadays extensively explored as carriers for oral delivery of insulin. Lipid nanoparticles enhance drug absorption in the GI tract, improve mucosal adhesion due to their small particle size, increase the GIT residence time, protect the loaded insulin from chemical and enzymatic degradation, and gradually release insulin from the lipid matrix into blood, resulting in improved therapeutic action. Compared with polymeric carriers, lipid nanoparticles, due to their physiological and biodegradable properties, decrease adverse side effects and chronic toxicity of the drug delivery systems. This chapter highlights the importance of lipid and inorganic nanoparticles to modify the release profile and the pharmacokinetic parameters of oral delivery of insulin.
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