Abstract
Mobile network operators are now facing several challenges, such as a huge traffic demand for more sophisticated services (posing different connectivity requirements), the need for seamless delivery services across different technologies, and a rapid changing of business environment. Thus, operators are seeking innovative solutions to improve their network performance and efficiency, as well as to reduce the costs expended on network operation, maintenance, and new service deployment. Considering the deployment of heterogeneous 5G networks, including a mix of femto and pico cells of different technologies, simplifying the network architecture and optimizing the data transmission costs are driving 5G networks to evolve towards flat architectures.
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