5 - Functionalized Clay-Containing Composites

Abstract

This chapter is intended as an overview of the recent research on the use of functionalized layered silicates, dispersed at the nanometer scale in polymeric matrices, for improving composite properties, such as mechanical and barrier properties. Clay-containing polymer nanocomposites have received considerable attention as they are used in a wide range of applications in various fields including food packaging, automotive, building applications, and many others. The desired properties of the nanocomposites can only be achieved with good dispersion of nanofiller in the polymer matrix, which is difficult to achieve because of their large specific surface area. The clay nanoparticles also have improved interfacial interaction between the nanoparticles and the polymer matrix. Layered silicates functionalization by onium salts is an efficient method to increase the space gallery distance and to increase the degree of hydrophobicity. Synthesis, surface functionalization, and structure–property relationships, as well as the barrier properties and aging/flammability behavior of clay-containing polymer nanocomposites are discussed in this chapter.