Abstract
In the present study, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were blended with different concentrations of sodium montmorillonite (Na+MMT) clay solution by a solvent casting method. X-ray diffraction and transition electron microscope results show that the film properties are related to the co-existence of Na+MMT intercalation/exfoliation in the blend and the interaction between chitosan–PVA and Na+MMT. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was loaded with chitosan–PVA/Na+MMT nanocomposite films for in vitro drug delivery study. The antimicrobial activity of the chitosan–PVA/Na+MMT films showed significant effect against Salmonella (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), whereas 5-FU encapsulated chitosan–PVA/Na+MMT bio-nanocomposite films did not show any inhibition against bacteria. Our results indicate that combination of a flexible and soft polymeric material with high drug loading ability of a hard inorganic porous material can produce improved control over degradation and drug release. It will be an economically viable method for preparation of advanced drug delivery vehicles and biodegradable implants or scaffolds.
Highlights
In the past few decades, drug delivery systems have been of great interest and resulted in many efforts to realize the effectiveness and targeted drug delivery tendency as well as to reduce the associated side effects
The physical status of Na?MMT and chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the synthesized chitosan–PVA/Na?MMT nanocomposite was studied with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD)
An decrease in the intensity of the (001) plane along with a shift in the 2h value from 7.2° to 7.0° was observed in the case of chitosan–PVA/Na?MMT
Summary
In the past few decades, drug delivery systems have been of great interest and resulted in many efforts to realize the effectiveness and targeted drug delivery tendency as well as to reduce the associated side effects. The aqueous acidic solubility of chitosan is pH dependent, permitting its processability under warm conditions, which opens the door for many applications, in the field of pharmaceutical and cosmetics [3] This polysaccharide has been extensively studied in the field of biomaterials because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and biological properties. MMT has cation exchange capacity, good adsorption capacity, large specific surface area, and drug-carrying ability It is hydrophilic and highly dispersible in water and can aid in the synthesis of a wide variety of hydrophilic and protonated organic molecules, which can be released in controlled fashion by replacement with other types of cations in the drug release processes [16,17,18]. We have tried to develop a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer to control drug release properties with pharmaceutical grade MMT in order to produce oral and controlled drug delivery formulations for 5-FU.
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