Abstract
The last few decades have brought important achievements in space exploration, transforming the human dream to explore Mars into a technologically achievable goal. It is highly probable that in the future Mars will be transformed into a habitable planet by a process of global environmental engineering known as terraforming. The terraforming of Mars, besides being a challenge for humanity, offers the possibility of using the precious resources of the red planet. The journey to reach Mars will be extensive and it will be necessary to reduce the weight of materials transported and to simplify the operation of each device so that in case of repair need, these repairs can be performed directly by the crew. One of the main problems of the terraforming zero phase is the possibility of positioning shelters to protect astronauts from radiation. In this article we discuss innovative solutions, with the use of 4D printing technology and shape memory materials.
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