光强对4种鸭跖草科植物生长和光合特性的影响

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 光强对4种鸭跖草科植物生长和光合特性的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202009202445 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD1000406）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助基金（2572017EA04）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2572017BA08） Effects of light intensity on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of four Commelinaceae plants Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为探究4种鸭跖草科植物对不同光环境的适应能力，以紫鸭跖草、花叶水竹草、吊竹梅、绿叶水竹草4种植物为试验材料，利用遮光网设置5种光强梯度（分别为自然光强的100%、75%、50%、25%、5%），研究不同光强对4种植物生长和光合特性的影响。结果表明：随光强的减弱，4种植物的叶面积、比叶面积、株高、叶片夹角显著增加，但紫鸭跖草在5%自然光强下叶面积显著降低，同时降低的光强显著降低了4种植物叶片的上下表皮厚度和叶片厚度，以及紫鸭跖草、花叶水竹草和绿叶水竹草的栅栏组织厚度、花叶水竹草和绿叶水竹草的海绵组织厚度，但4种植物的栅栏组织和海绵组织比未发生显著变化。紫鸭跖草和花叶水竹草的Chl a、Chl b和Chl （a+b）含量随光强的降低呈先升后降趋势，而吊竹梅和绿叶水竹草的Chl a、Chl b和Chl（a+b）含量则显著升高。与100%自然光强和5%自然光强相比，4种植物在25%-75%自然光强下，能保持高的气孔开度、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度和蒸腾速率。研究表明，4种鸭跖草科植物具有较强的光适应性，可以通过调整植株形态、叶片解剖结构、光合色素含量、气孔开度和导度的方式在弱光环境中（25%-75%自然光强）增强对光的捕获和利用能力，保持较高的净光合速率，从而保证植株体在弱光环境中进行正常的生命活动。 Abstract:In this research, four Commelinaceae plants (Commelina purpurea, Tradescantia zebrina, Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Variegata’, and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’) were used as experimental materials to explore the influence of different light intensities on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics. Shading nets of different densities were used to create five light environments with 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 5% of natural light intensity, respectively. The results indicated that the leaf area, specific leaf area, plant height, and leaf angle of the four plants increased significantly with the decrease of light intensity, but the leaf area of Commelina purpurea was significantly reduced in the 5% natural light intensity. Simultaneously, the reduction of light intensity significantly reduced the upper and lower epidermis and leaf thickness of the four plant leaves, as well as the thickness of the palisade tissue of Commelina purpurea, Tradescantia zebrina and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’, the thickness of the sponge tissue of Tradescantia zebrina and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’, but the ratio of palisade and sponge tissue of the four plants did not change significantly. The contents of Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) in Commelina purpurea and Tradescantia zebrina increased first and then decreased with the decrease of light intensity. The contents of Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) in Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Variegata’ and Tradescantia flurnuensis ‘Vairidia’ increased significantly. Compared with 100% natural light intensity and 5% natural light intensity, the four plants can maintain high stomata opening, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate under 25%-75% natural light intensity. In summary, to ensure the normal growth without restriction in low-light environment, the considerable light adaptability of the four Commelinaceae plants can be generated in diverse ways by adjusting the plant morphology, leaf anatomical structure, photosynthetic pigment content, stomata opening and conduction to capture and use light efficiently, maintain a relatively high net photosynthetic rate in low light environments (25%-75% natural light intensity). 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献