Abstract
The water available in nature contains numerous contaminants such as physical, chemical, and microbiological that make it unfit for human consumption, so the task of packaged and bottled water is to make the naturally contaminated water safe to drink. Water purification is a complex process and highly dependent on the nature and level of contaminants in it. Water purification in which reclaimed, contaminated, suspicious, and dirty water is processed to make it suitable for reuse of drinking water. Some of the contaminants may pose health hazards while others may change its smell, taste, and appearance. Various international organizations like EPA and WHO provide standard levels of impurities in the drinking water. To compliance with the standard requirements, number of water purification technologies [reverse osmosis, electrodeionization—EDI, sedimentation, ultrafiltration, ion exchange, biosorption, and ultraviolet (UV) light] were used for many decades. These purification technologies remove particles and give a clear appearance to water in addition to the improvement in its smell and taste. This chapter illustrates the principles, functioning, and the selection suitability for water purification technologies and presents recent research carried out in this field.
Published Version
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