4 - Power flows in compensation and control studies

Abstract

This chapter explains the role of power flows in compensation and control studies. The main objective of a power flow study is to determine the steady-state operating condition of an electrical power network. The steady state may be determined by finding out the flow of active and reactive power throughout the network and the voltage magnitudes and phase angles at all nodes of the network. This chapter addresses the mathematical modeling of an electrical power network suitable for a steady-state analysis. Emphasis is on the modeling of plant components used to control active and reactive power flows, voltage magnitude, and network impedance in high-voltage transmissions. This model of electrical power network is a classical nonlinear model based on voltage-dependent nodal power equations and solved by iteration using the Newton–Raphson method. The basic method is then expanded to encompass the models of the new generation of power-system controllers. The new models are simple and comprehensive.