Abstract
We present a novel concept and first experimental results of a new type of 3D display, which is based on the synthesis of spherical waves. The setup comprises a lens array (LA) with apertures in the millimeter range and a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. Each pixel of the LCD creates a spherical wave cutout that propagates towards the observer. During the displaying process, the curvature of the spherical waves is dynamically changed by either changing the distance between LA and LCD or by adapting the focal lengths of the lenses. Since the system, similar to holography, seeks to approximate the wavefront of a natural scene, it provides true depth information to the observer and therefore avoids any vergence–accommodation conflict (VAC).
Highlights
Display technologies [1,2] have grown dramatically, and flat-panel displays based on liquid crystal display (LCD) or organic LEDs dominate the market
We present a new approach to a floating image display system, which is based on synthesizing spherical waves instead of plane waves in order to overcome these drawbacks
All-optical components are fixed on a stage with all six degrees of freedom to adjust the relative position between the lens array (LA) and the LCD
Summary
Display technologies [1,2] have grown dramatically, and flat-panel displays based on LCDs or organic LEDs dominate the market. According to the human visual experiment [8,9], the accommodation of the eye lens is focused on the display plane, which is different from the vergence, which is directed towards the reconstructed object This mismatch is called vergence–accommodation conflict (VAC). Sci. 2019, 9, 3862 using holographic film material, up to now there exists no practical solution for dynamic displays The reason for this is that holography relies on forming wavefields based on the physical principle of diffraction. In order to control the curvature of the spherical waves, the distance between the display and the LA is dynamically changed The benefit of this approach can be understood in the wave field picture, since using spherical waves instead of plane waves adds more degrees of freedom to the base functions of the synthesis. The LA is a refractive element with very little dispersion, so that the system operates almost wavelength-independently and can, display colored scenes
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