Abstract
Electron spin resonance (ESR) is a technique that can directly detect and quantify unpaired or odd electrons in atomic or molecular systems. The materials that contain unpaired electrons are known as paramagnetic materials since they exhibit a net magnetic moment in an external magnetic field. For this reason, ESR is also known as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Although both names are used in practice, a third name has been introduced to replace them. In line with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the new name is electron magnetic resonance (EMR) since the magnetic resonance in ESR/EPR results from the electron magnetic moment. In this chapter, the term ESR is used.
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