Abstract
This chapter aims to clarify the effects of a mixture of liquid 4 He molecules with liquid 3 He on the superheat limit, namely, the homogeneous bubble nucleation. The conventional nucleation theory of Hirth and Pound is used for predicting the superheat limit. In order to investigate the effect of 4 He atoms on vapor bubble nucleation in liquid 3 He, the superheating of mixtures of 4 He and 3 He is measured by means of the continuous heating of a liquid specimen: The sample mixtures with different 4 He concentrations are made to superheat in a small glass capillary by electric heater along various isobars. The experimental data are analyzed with particular attention to the superheating limit. It is found that the maximum attainable temperatures (T s) clearly raised with increasing the concentration of 4 He in liquid 3 He, indicating that the nucleation barrier is increased by adding 4 He atoms to liquid 3 He. The values of T s are also analyzed on the basis of the thermal fluctuation theory of nucleation.
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