340 Relationship of Retained Energy in Lactating Beef Cows to Maintenance Energy Requirement and voluntary Feed Intake

Abstract

Abstract This study’s objective was to determine the relationship between retained energy, lactation maintenance energy requirement (MER), and dry period voluntary feed intake (VOL) in beef cows. Twenty-four mature fall-calving Angus cows were used in an 82-d study during lactation to establish maintenance energy requirements followed by a voluntary feed intake study after weaning. During the lactation MER experiment, cows were housed in 2 drylot pens and limit-fed a mixed hay/concentrate diet (17.8% CP, 2.6 Mcal/kg ME, DM basis) individually once per d in a stall barn. Cows were adapted to the diet and feeding management for the first 16 d. Subsequently, cows were weighed and feed allowance adjusted at 14-d intervals to achieve BW and BCS stasis. Milk yield and composition were determined on d – 10, 49, and 77 using a milking machine. Retained energy was calculated as average daily maternal tissue energy change plus average daily milk energy yield. During the post-weaning VOL experiment, cows were provided ad libitum access to a grass hay diet for 41 d (8.15% CP, 1.8 Mcal/kg ME, DM basis) using five individual feed intake monitoring units (SmartFeed, C-Lock, Inc). Each one unit increase in metabolizable energy intake, kcal/kg BW0.75 was associated with a 0.86 ± 0.28 kcal/kg BW0.75 increase in total retained energy (P = 0.005). Using this partial efficiency coefficient, ME required for maintenance declined by 0.80 ± 0.11 kcal ME/kg BW0.75 for each additional kcal net energy retained/kg BW0.75 (P < 0.0001). There was no relationship between lactation-period retained energy and post-weaning VOL forage dry matter intake. The present study results contradict previous reports suggesting that maintenance requirements increase with increasing productivity.