34 - Centre of gravity and equilibrium

Abstract

This chapter discusses the center of gravity and equilibrium of an object. The center of gravity of an object is a point where the resultant gravitational force acting on the body may be taken to act. For objects of uniform thickness lying in a horizontal plane, the center of gravity is vertically in line with the point of balance of the object. For a thin uniform rod, the point of balance and hence the center of gravity is halfway along the rod whereas the centre of gravity of a circular lamina is at the center of the circle. An object is in equilibrium when the forces acting on the object are such that there is no tendency for the object to move. The state of equilibrium of an object can be divided into three groups, stable equilibrium, unstable equilibrium, and neutral equilibrium.