Abstract
The bone healing process at the interface between the bone and the implant surface consists of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The implant surface modification can help to quickly switch from inflammation to proliferation. Clinically, this means fast osseointegration and patient's reduced edentulous period. Furthermore, via such a method to modify the surface, the implant-supported restoration is able to serve a patient having the systemic condition that made the implant treatment contraindicated in the past. Commercially pure titanium surface is modified to a roughened surface showing the accelerated bone response. Subsequently, some chemical features are added to the roughened surface, such as hydrophilicity, calcium phosphorus effects, and fluoride characteristics. Recently, researchers are developing biological surfaces for faster and stronger osseointegration, using cell adhesion molecules and growth factors.
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