Abstract
This chapter discusses in detail the shallow foundations, their fundaments, and applications. Shallow foundations are the primary choice of foundation engineers due to their merits of affordability and ease of construction over other alternatives, such as pile foundations and mat foundations. Shallow foundations need to be designed for bearing capacity and excessive settlement. There are a number of methods available to compute the bearing capacity of shallow foundation; the most notable being the Terzaghi bearing capacity equation, developed by Karl Terzaghi. Buildings are widely supported by shallow foundations. Piles may also be used to support buildings in case of uncertainty in the ability of a shallow foundation to carry necessary loads due to loose soil underneath. Moving further, this chapter analyzes the feasibility of shallow foundations in bridges and frozen landscapes.
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