Abstract
The fracture process zone (FPZ), which is nucleated ahead of the crack tip, is a unique process in concrete leading to fracture, because the FPZ is not normally created in such brittle materials as glass and metal. Several techniques have been applied to study the FPZ experimentally, and acoustic emission (AE) technique is one of the powerful tools to be able to kinematically investigate the FPZ. Cracking mechanisms in bending of concrete beams are identified by employing the SiGMA (simplified Green’s functions for moment tensor analysis) procedure. It is demonstrated that cracking mode in the FPZ under bending is not only tensile mode (mode I) but also mixed mode and shear mode (mode II and mode III). In addition, cracking mode does not change with the size of aggregate, but the specimen geometry. Furthermore, it is clarified that the width of AE cluster is associated with that of FPZ and the amount of fracture energy released.
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