Abstract
Traditional blue denim is a warp-face 3/1 twill-weave cotton fabric in which the warp is dyed with indigo. The dye has poor substantivity and dye from the surface can be washed out by several denim washing methods using stones, sand, cellulase enzymes, sodium hypochlorite or potassium permanganate (called an acid wash), hydrogen peroxide and caustic soda, creating a unique look to denim. Although denim and jeans have a prominent role in the fashion trade, it is time to think about jeans' impact on the environment.
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