Abstract
This chapter describes the fundamentals of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and also how DSC can be used for characterization of fibers. The differences between the heat-flux DSC and power-compensation DSC are explained. The various calibrations of DSC (i.e., temperature calibration on heating and cooling, energy and heat capacity calibrations) are also described. The effect of the rigid amorphous and oriented amorphous phases on the glass transition is shown. The change of the phase transitions with increasing orientation is demonstrated. New modulated DSC methods are introduced for describing the various transitions (glass transition, melting, and crystallization). Special emphasis is devoted to superheating. The differences between free-to-shrink and constrained fiber measurements are illustrated for several important synthetic fibers. Examples are given for synthetic and natural fibers.
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