Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging targets for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of cancer. LncRNAs are non-protein-coding transcripts that regulate gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms mediated through binding of DNA, small RNAs and proteins. They exhibit high tissue- and context-specific expression, marking them as attractive biomarkers for cancer treatment or detection. Of the over 18 000 lncRNAs identified in the genome, the vast majority remain completely uncharacterized, limiting our understanding of the role of this group of non-coding RNAs in cancer.
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