2,4-二硝基咪唑有机胺盐合成与性能

Abstract

Using 2, 4-dinitroimidazole (2, 4-DNI) and organic amines as starting materials, four new salts, i. e. ADNI (A=guanidine, triaminoguanidine, gunanyl urea, and hydrazine), were synthezised with yield of 87.2%, 67.5%, 67.7% and 96.6% respectively. The resulting salts structures were identified with FTIR, NMR and elemental analysis. The authors measured density, melting point, thermal stability, combustion heat, impact and friction sensitivity, and calculated formation enthalpy, detonation velocity and detonation pressure for all the salts (not including hydrazine). They exhibit relatively higher energy level, lower sensitivity, and better thermal stability. Among them, TAGDNI may be promising in applications to propellants with low signals, as a substitute for partial ammonium perchlorate (AP). Results show that TAGDNI has higher enthalpy of formation (623.36 kJ•mol^(-1)), detonation velocity (8948.68 m•s^(-1)), and detonation pressure (34.57 GPa), and its characteristic height (H50) is 125 cm (2 kg hammer).