Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses isotactic and stereoisomeric polymers. The synthesis of isotactic and syndiotactic polymers of olefins and of diolefins has markedly increased the number of hydrocarbon crystalline polymers. By studying their structure, the validity of some general principles used for determining the chain configurations of crystalline linear high polymers can be ascertained. If one applies these principles, it is possible to foresee the lattice structure and the physical properties of some of the new linear polymers, and in several cases, it allows one to predict their structures. The principle of the maximum separation of the bonds may also be applied to those which are adjacent to double bonds. In this case, one must consider that the double bond is contained in a plane which is normal to the one containing the other carbon atoms that are bound to the double bond in consideration. Polyethylene is the only polymer of the poly-a-olefin series that is free from tertiary carbon atoms. Its planar structure is well known. The use of new polymerization processes at low or at medium pressure has permitted the production of polymers that are less branched and more crystalline than those obtained by high-pressure procedures.
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