Abstract
ZnO has attracted the research fraternity worldwide owing to its fascinating properties. Its biosafety and biocompatibility have enabled researchers to exploit it in the area of biomedical sciences and healthcare monitoring. ZnO nanostructures possess great prospects in medical and diagnostic fields for disease identification and therapeutics. Their applications as biosensor diagnostic tools are being explored extensively for point-of-care applications. In this article, we have classified the ZnO-based biosensors according to the analyte used, like immunosensors, nucleic acid biosensors, aptamer-based biosensors, etc. Apart from this, we also have summarized the use of ZnO nanostructures for sensing biomolecules like glucose, cholesterol, urea, and uric acid. We here tried to review some of the key advancements in ZnO nanostructure–based biosensors and evaluate their properties with the aim of rousing greater interest in improving biosensor development for medical diagnosis.
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