Abstract
This chapter focuses on the assembly language. A microprocessor can only act upon instructions that are specified in its instruction set. The instruction set consists of a series of hexadecimal codes, or opcodes, which are recognizable to the instruction decoder within the central processing unit (CPU). Each series of microprocessor has a unique instruction set, although many instructions are so common that they are found with only minor modifications in all microprocessors. Some common classes of operations for which instructions are provided are given in the chapter. A sequence of opcodes arranged to perform a particular task is called a machine language program or machine code. Machine code programming is laborious and for this reason, programs are written using assembly language. The microprocessor can only interpret machine code instructions specified in its instruction set. While running a machine language program, the program counter, or instruction pointer, register holds the offset of the address of the next instruction to be executed.
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