Abstract
Gum Arabic (GA) is a mixture of polysaccharides and glycoproteins secreted from Acacia senegal, Acacia seyal, and Acacia nilotica trees’ stems. The high spot of this chapter was to review the application of GA in human health and medicine. GA has been applied to relieve the opposing effects of chronic renal failure and has a positive effect on nephrotoxicity; raises creatinine clearance from the body; improves renal excretion of ADH, Mg2+, and Ca2+; decreases plasma urea and plasma phosphate, urinary flow rate, phosphaturia, natriuresis, glucosuria, proteinuria as well as urinary excretion of Na+ and phosphate; and it reduces the blood pressure and plasma cholesterol concentrations. It is a good antioxidant, which protects against cardiac and hepatic toxicities. It has pro-absorptive properties, which can be an effective substitute medication for diarrhea. It is effective in dental remineralization. GA has antimicrobial action and is known to be used as an effective prebiotic as good as inulin, which increases the numbers of Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Bacteroides without significant drawbacks. GA has an opposing effect of vitamin D and electrolyte balance, and in some cases, it causes hypersensitivity.
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