Abstract
This chapter introduces lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It starts with the classification of lung cancer and then focuses on non small cell lung cancer, which consists of 85% of lung cancer. Next, the chapter describes the biomarkers tested in metastatic non small cell lung cancer patients at initial diagnosis including PDL1 and driver genes such as EGFR, ALK, BRAF, ERBB2, ROS1, KRAS, MET, RET, and NTRK1/2/3. According to NCCN guidelines, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is the preferred method because it is of high-throughput and low-cost compared with sequential individual gene testing. It shortens the turnaround time and saves precious samples for patients. These testing results will guide physicians in targeted therapy and immunotherapy. At the end of the chapter, a few cases of lung cancer are illustrated with biomarker testing by NGS. Relevant therapy based on testing results is also provided.
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