Abstract
Plastics make useful complex shapes as well as inexpensive high-volume items. In order to meet these diverse demands, commercial polymers are modified with additives to make plastics. Compounding of polymers with additives and modifiers to make commercially useful plastics is a business that is constantly changing, owing to new materials, price changes, improved processing machinery, changing customer needs, environmental laws and concerns, etc. Some needs are persistent, such as the requirement to fabricate parts, ways to upgrade properties, how to correct for problems introduced by the use of additives to accomplish the first two items, and controlling costs. This chapter deals with additives from these points of view. No perfect solutions exist, so polymer additives and modifiers may be seen as a truly dynamic field of study.
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