Abstract
Cerebral contusion can be caused in humans due to a strong impact to the head. Cerebral contusions can be either coup or contrecoup contusions that occur on either the same or the opposite side of impact, respectively. Although various theories report the generation mechanism of cerebral contusion, none can sufficiently explain the entire mechanism. Typically, the pressure generated at the impact site (coup pressure) was positive and that generated on the side opposite to the impact site (contrecoup pressure) was negative in experiments using human cadavers. The mechanism of cerebral contusion was studied by using finite element analysis. Prior to numerical analysis of a finite element human head model, experimental study of an impact loading for a water-filled acrylic cylindrical container was carried out. In impact analysis, mass and velocity of the impactor were changed so as to keep the energy constant and intracranial pressure fluctuations of the impact side and the opposite side were obtained. When the input force duration was short, the thumping pressure fluctuation between the positive and negative pressure with higher frequencies were observed both at the impact side and the opposite side. As the input force duration became longer, the pressure fluctuation was suppressed and the positive pressure became dominant at the impact side and the negative pressure became dominant at the opposite side, and lower frequencies became dominant.
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