Abstract
Alginate is the common term for alginic acid salts. Alginic acids are polyuronidic, which is to say polysaccharide molecules that are composed of uronic acid residues. The commercial alginates, such as Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, and Macrocystis pyrifera, are currently obtained by removing brown algae. However, several bacteria like Azotobacter vinelandii, a nitrogen-fixing aerobic, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunism pathogen, also produce alginates. The alginates are exceptional in their characteristically complex uses for food and pharmaceutical sectors, such as emulators, thickeners, stabilizers, gelling, and film formulation. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, immunogenicity, and nontoxicity of alginate made it an excellent polysaccharide for drug delivery application. Alginate-based bionanocomposites are vital in the biomedical field and are used as instruments in various applications of human health, such as drug delivery excipients (DDS), wound clothing, dental printing materials and inter alia, formulations for preventing gastric reflux, etc. This chapter discusses the key characteristics and drug delivery functions of alginate nanocomposites.
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