2 - Thermodynamics

Abstract

Thermodynamics is an essential part of the study of mechanical engineering. It involves knowledge that is basic to the functioning of prime movers such as petrol and diesel engines, steam turbines and gas turbines. It covers significant operating parameters of this equipment in terms of fuel consumption and power output. This chapter discusses the fundamentals of thermodynamics in the major fields and then applies them in a range of situations. The chapter also introduces heat energy by looking at the specific heat and latent heat of solids and gases. This provides the base knowledge required for many ordinary estimations of heat energy quantities in heating and cooling, such as the ones involved in many industrial processes, and in the production of steam from ice and water. In industrial and domestic heating systems, refrigeration, air conditioning and in thermal insulation in buildings and equipment, the understanding of basic thermodynamic principles allows effective systems to be developed and applied. This chapter lays the foundation for further study and for the understanding of related processes in plant and equipment that are not covered in the chapter.