Abstract
Fossil fuels have been the main energy resource for economic and human development. However, this conventional energy will not prevail longer due to the ever-increasing demand and it being nonrecyclable. Now we are in search of alternative energy sources, renewable resources. Biofuel is one of the most suitable energy resources primarily for its productivity, availability, and low cost. The technologies for the production of biofuel has been changed and modernized depending on the generation of the fuel. First-generation biofuel production by utilizing the feedstock has now been restricted due to fuel versus food and competitive economies. This chapter provides a comparative aspect of biofuel production using modern technologies upon their transformation from the second generation to third generation, that is, biofuel productions from lignocellulosic wastes and algae, respectively. The review process includes extensive database searches, metadata analyses of the electronically available materials, and SWOT analysis.
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