Abstract

Statistical analysis of data on a Riemannian manifold extends fundamental concepts from multivariate statistical analysis in vector spaces by using the metric structure. The first example of generalizing a classical statistic to the manifold setting is the Fréchet mean, which minimizes the sum-of-squared geodesic distances to the data. Such a geometric least-squares principle also leads to extensions of principal components analysis and regression on manifolds. From these geometric concepts, we extend to a probabilistic viewpoint by defining normal distributions on Riemannian manifolds. This leads to probabilistic modeling and inference through both maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches.

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