2 - From Array Theory to Shared Aperture Arrays

Abstract

This chapter presents the theoretical infrastructure that allows characterizing number of arrays in terms of their topology and the essential characteristics of their radio frequency (RF) subsystems. Array theory is shared by all array systems and the analysis of several arrays constitutes a first step toward the derivation of synthesis procedures for arrays having prescribed characteristics. Real world considerations that enable the designer to come one step closer to the realization of arrays are also delineated. The marginalization of the array sidelobe and grating lobe levels is taken up by considering theoretical approaches and real-world constraints imposed by current transmit/receive modules. Marginalization in this chapter implies a minimization process consistent with affordable costs attributed to the fight control of significant array electrical and physical parameters. Other important issues considered are the derivations of the conditions under which the designer can safely ignore the effects of mutual coupling between adjacent antenna elements and can use programmable phase-shifters or switchable time delays to scan the resulting beam.