Abstract
This chapter discusses different types of uncontrolled fires (eg, wildfires, structural building fires, vehicle fires) that occur every year around the world. The reasons for the occurrence of these fires are outlined and the characteristics (temperature, heat flux, etc.) of these fires are discussed. It has been identified through research literature that the intensity of thermal environments can be classified as routine, hazardous, and emergency. Additionally, the types of thermal exposures faced by firefighters can be radiant heat, flame, hot surfaces, molten metal substances, hot liquids, and steam. This chapter will help to understand the fundamentals for developing thermal protective clothing for firefighters.
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