Abstract

This chapter discusses the coordinate systems and graphs. The real number corresponding to a point on the real line is called the coordinate of the point. It is evident from the way in which real numbers and points on the real line are related that each real number corresponds to a single point and each point corresponds to a single real number. This is sometimes described by stating that the set of real numbers and the set of points on the real line are in one-to-one correspondence. The coordinate axes divide the plane into four parts called quadrants. These quadrants are numbered from one to four. It is easy to determine the quadrant in which a point lies from the signs of its coordinates. A point with two positive coordinates (+, +) lies in Quadrant I, a point with a negative x coordinate, and a positive y coordinate (-, +) lies in Quadrant II. Cartesian coordinate systems are helpful for giving a geometric description of equations involving two variables.

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