Abstract
This chapter discusses the principle compressor characteristics such as positive displacement and dynamic compression. Positive displacement compression is defined as the increase of the pressure of a gas caused by operating on a fixed volume in a confined space. Types include reciprocating, rotary liquid piston, rotary lobe, and screw compressors. This concept can best be envisioned by using a simple syringe. In the design of any compressor actual volume flow must be used. This is necessary because the design is based on an optimal gas velocity. Gas velocity is the results of a given volume flow acting in a specific area. It should also be noted that both the suction and discharge process system for a given point in time and flow rate can be thought of as equivalent orifices placed at the inlet and discharge of the compressor flanges respectively. The discharge pressure developed will be the pressure at the discharge flange caused by the process pressure and system resistance. That is, the gas in the cylinder will not exit until the pressure developed in the cylinder is greater than the pressure at the compressor discharge flange. The chapter discusses the characteristics of positive displacement and dynamic compressors by presenting their typical performance curves.
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